By Scott Moritz

It was a tale of two techs Tuesday. Hewlett-Packard (HPQ) surprised Wall Street on Tuesday with a fourth-quarter earnings report that beat analysts’ profit and sales targets. HP shares soared nearly 14% in early trading.

Meanwhile, glass maker Corning (GLW) warned of a sales shortfall in the current quarter as demand for its flat-screen TV and computer panels drops faster than anticipated. Shares fell nearly 12%.

HP posted preliminary adjusted earnings of $1.03 a share, which compares with 84 cents in the year-ago quarter and beats analysts estimates by 3 cents. Sales for the quarter ended Oct. 31 were $33.6 billion, an 19% improvement from revenues of $28.3 billion in the same quarter last year. Analysts were looking for sales of $33 billion, according to Thomson First Call.

The recent acquisition of IT service shop EDS so far has helped HP dodge the full impact of the impending recession. “Our ability to execute in a challenging marketplace differentiates HP, enabling it to increase share, expand earnings and emerge from the current economic environment as a stronger force,” CEO Mark Hurd said in a statement.

Looking ahead, HP predicts pro forma profit of about 94 cents a share on sales of $32.25 billion in the first quarter ending in January. Analysts expected adjusted earnings of 93 cents a share on $33.7 billion in sales. HP says it will release its October quarter earnings Nov. 24.

Corning, however, continues to struggle with order cuts as flat-panels and big-screen TV inventories pile up. The company, the largest maker of liquid crystal display screens for televisions and computers, says fourth-quarter sales will fall below its guidance of $1.1 billion to $1.2 billion. It warned that profits will be at the low end or below its prior guidance of $0.20 to $0.28 a share. Corning did not offer revised financial targets.

By Scott Moritz

Dell (DELL) is trying unpaid vacations (for starters). 

The No.2 PC maker, already grappling with a massive turnaround strategy, is taking a closer look at expenses and has informed employees of a company-wide cost cutting plan that includes voluntary five-day unpaid leaves for everyone.

According to an internal memo confirmed by a company representative, Dell has frozen its hiring and is considering a range of cost-reduction plans.

In addition to the unpaid furloughs, the company is offering buyouts and cutting some of its contract workers. Dell already completed a 10% staff reduction plan this year that was put in place in May.

Sales, particularly in the company’s PC business, started slumping in September, and Tuesday’s move shows they haven’t bounced back yet. Dell is scheduled to release its October earnings results November 20. Some observers are bracing for a shortfall warning before then, given the slumping demand and overall decline of the economy.

Dell has been particularly vulnerable to the slowdown, having started its shift to a retail sales strategy and away from its famed buyer-direct, made-to-order manufacturing scheme. The company had boosted its staff levels for the transition.

In 2005, Dell had 72,000 employees, and by the end of 2006, the company had about 90,000 workers. Dell had 88,000 employees at the end of last year. “These were mostly white-collar workers brought in to build the business,” says Cowen analyst Lou Miscioscia. “Things have gotten a lot more challenging,” says Miscioscia, who doesn’t see the other PC makers like Hewlett-Packard (HPC) or IBM (IBM) having as bad a problem right now.

The big problem for Dell says UBS analyst Maynard UM, is that “they are unfortunately retooling during the backdrop of a weak end market. “

By Scott Moritz

Apple (AAPL) got hit with a pair of downgrades Monday as analysts see a weaker consumer taking a big bite out of the computer-maker’s growth rate.

RBC and Morgan Stanley analysts slapped Apple with neutral ratings, down from buy, on concerns that the slumping economy will put a chill on sales of Mac notebooks and desktop computers.

Citing a IQ/Changewave survey, RBC noted that 40% of consumers questioned said they “plan on spending less on electronics in the next 90 days,” RBC analyst Mike Abramsky wrote in the note. This is the weakest outlook ever measured in these surveys, Abramsky wrote.

Apple shares fell 16% in morning trading Monday in the wake of the reports, as investors get a sobering view of how popular consumer devices can lose momentum in a faltering economy.

The growing credit crisis has helped deflate consumer confidence and force delays in purchases of items like new computers and flat-screen TVs. The problem for Apple, writes Kathryn Huberty in a downgrade of Apple to neutral Monday, is that not only is PC sales growth slowing but the one area shrinking less is the under-$1,000 price range where Apple is absent.

Add the slowdown in PC sales to the higher costs of iPhone production, and Huberty says there will be a dramatic drop in Apple’s profit growth. Huberty cut her Apple earnings growth projection for the year to 6%, well below the 9% analysts’ consensus average.

Apple is not recession proof, RBC’s Abramsky writes.

Not surprisingly, investors have taken flight from stocks in some of the stronger players as the market jitters spread across nearly all sectors. Apple shares are down 35% and smartphone rival Research in Motion (RIMM) is down 47% in the past month.

RIM’s disappointing outlook Thursday confirmed that the once hot smartphone segment is cooling just as the larger mobile phone market grinds into slow gear, not just in the U.S., but globally as Nokia (NOK) recently pointed out.

By Scott Moritz

If Dell’s (DELL) view is right, the tech spending hiatus that started in July isn’t ending anytime soon.

Less than a week after Dell warned that a U.S. slowdown in information technology spending was spreading to Europe and Asia, the No.2 computer maker now says the slump is getting worse.

“We saw some weakness in July, and August is always slow,” Dell CFO Brian Gladden said at a Bank of America investor conference Tuesday. “By the second week in September, we started getting the sense that this isn’t coming back the way we expected it to,” Gladden said. Earlier Tuesday, the company issued a statement that it was “seeing further softening of demand in global end-user demand in the current quarter.”

Dell shares tumbled 10% to a new seven-year low after the company gave its latest grim assessment of the business climate. Outlining the areas of weakness, Gladden pointed out that in the U.S., spending by small and medium-sized businesses is down, and the financial sector, currently in a credit crisis swoon, was a bit challenging. “There’s not a lot of IT spending going on in the financial businesses,” Gladden said.

Overall big business spending, which accounts for about 80% of Dell’s revenue, was “mixed but weaker than we expected in the aggregate,” Gladden said.

Internationally, the U.K. remained a tough environment, Germany had been solid but turned weak in recent weeks and sales in China, which had been slow during the Olympics, had not snapped back as expected, said Gladden.

Tech investors have taken some confidence from the relative good health and solid spending in growing markets outside the U.S. And Wall Street’s deepening woes, while significant, had not had a dramatic effect on the larger IT market. At least not yet.

But as Dell tells it, cash-hoarding corporate customers aren’t exactly ignoring the drama of Lehman Brothers’ bankruptcy protection and AIG’s financing crisis.

Tuesday’s news on the consumer side, where Dell has made efforts to be a bigger player, wasn’t very encouraging either.

Best Buy (BBY), which has been selling Dell computers since last December, blamed its disappointing earnings Tuesday on higher costs and a dip in consumer spending as fuel and food prices rise. “We have some work to do in terms of managing our expenses amid a challenging macro economic environment,” Best Buy CEO Brad Anderson said in a press release.

Dell’s shift to a retail strategy isn’t well-timed. Since founder Michael Dell’s return to the top job in early 2007, Dell has attempted to shift from its online, made-to-order PC-maker approach to more of a retail PC supplier. As part of the effort, the company says it has already eliminated two factories, including one in Austin, Tex.

Dell is looking to cut more costs and has been shopping its manufacturing plants around as part of an attempt to move more of its manufacturing to partners. The company is about one year into a three-year cost-cutting plan and is expected to have reached its target of eliminating 8,900 employees by the end of this quarter.

Asked if the company was considering a quicker move to bring down expenses, Gladden said: “We are taking a fresh look at all those costs given the environment.”

The news comes a day after PC rival Hewlett Packard announced that it would cut 24,600 people, or 7%, of its combined EDS and HP workforce. Nearly half of those workers targeted are in the United States. HP plans to replace some of those workers with employees in other countries as part of its globalization plan.

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By Michal Lev-Ram

HALF MOON BAY, Calif. – Is technology making the world a better place? That’s just one of several big questions that a panel of tech luminaries tackled at Fortune’s Brainstorm: Tech conference, a three-day, invite-only event that brings together some of the top executives in the industry.

The conference kicked off with a panel on how technological innovation is affecting the world. Participants like Michael Dell, founder of Dell (DELL), and Salesforce.com (CRM) CEO Marc Benioff discussed the next wave of innovation – platforms and collaboration – and the value of technology for businesses and societies.

One of the major advantages that technology has brought to companies is the ability to listen to customer feedback like never before, the panelists said.

“The mechanisms you could use to listen [to customers] were massively turbocharged with the Internet,” said Dell, who recently returned to his former role as chief executive. His company expects to have about 2 billion conversations with customers this year alone.

But it’s iPhone-like open platforms — the type that enable developers to create all sorts of applications — that the panelists said are bringing about the next wave of innovation.

“I don’t care if you’re in software,” said Gary Hamel, director of the Management Lab and another panelist. “Even a toy company like Lego can build a platform that allows people to innovate.”

One audience member even suggested that a platform-based approach be used in car production. That idea was quickly shot down.

As for the question on whether tech is making the world a better place, most participants agreed that it is: “Technology has definitely made the world a better place,” said Hamel. “What the Internet is doing is megapowering people to create like we’ve never seen before.”

But Benioff, the CEO of Salesforce.com, had another take: “I’m not sure if the world is better with technology, but maybe the world is faster.”

By Scott Moritz

Some tech shops continue to sink while others swim ahead against the slow-spending current.

Networking and security gearmakers are running strong as businesses build and safeguard their expanding networks, but PC and server sales look to be on the losing end of the ongoing corporate budget squeeze, according to a second-half 2008 spending forecast report by RBC.

Outfits such as Cisco (CSCO) and Juniper (JNPR) stand to benefit from whatever modest gains come along in IT spending. And PC shops such as Hewlett-Packard (HPQ) and Dell (DELL) as well as software giant Microsoft (MSFT) will feel more of the pinch as tight-fisted procurement officers continue to lay off the new computers for awhile more.

RBC analysts surveyed “2,049 leading-edge corporate IT buyers” about their spending plans for the remainder of the year. The results showed that spending will likely remain soft and tied to the overall economy. The good news is that there seems to be no significant decrease in spending ahead, says RBC.

“We should continue to expect difficulty in getting deals signed as companies still appear hesitant to spend on IT products and services: 56% of respondents claim their company has a red/yellow light when it comes to spending on IT, the highest level in over four years.” RBC says in its report Wednesday.

Some bright spots amid the gloom include Research in Motion (RIMM), which RBC expects to gain another 5 percentage points and walk away with 82% of the mobile e-mail business market this year.

And Apple (AAPL) continues to have a hot hand among the corporate crowd, says RBC. Unlike the slide in PC sales, Macs are taking more share in the office. RBC expects Apple to build 3.5 percentage points of overall computer market share in 2008, up from the 2.9-percentage-point gain last year. RBC says Apple will close in on 10% marketshare in business computers this year, up from 7.2% in 2007.

By Scott Moritz

Dell’s (DELL) customer service isn’t so award-winning after all.

New York State Supreme Court Justice Joseph C. Teresi ruled that Dell engaged in fraud, false advertising and deceptive business practices. The decision is a victory for New York Attorney General Andrew Cuomo, who brought the case against Dell a year ago charging that the company failed to live up to its responsibilities to its customers.

“For too long at Dell the promise of customer service was a bait and switch that left thousands of people paying for essentially no service at all,” Cuomo said in a statement Tuesday. “We have won an important victory that will force Dell to live up to its responsibilities.”

A Dell representative said the company disagrees with the ruling and feels that it was based on a small number of customers. The company has not decided if it will appeal the decision. 

In a 26-page decision, Teresi outlined deceptive interest-free and no-payment promotions, lengthy rebate payment practices and a lack of promised on-site tech service. The court will hold further proceedings to determine Dell’s penalty.

By Michal Lev-Ram

Intel’s Classmate PC was meant to be an affordable laptop for underprivileged kids in developing countries. Now the chip giant says it plans to bring the low-cost personal computers to the United States and Europe.

But the Classmate PC won’t be the first stripped-down laptop to be sold in the developed world. Others, including the 2-pound Eee PC by Taiwanese manufacturer Asus, have already hit saturated computer markets in countries like England. If the trend continues, analysts say it could force other manufacturers to cut prices to compete, especially in a weakening tight economy. Of course, the Classmate also would drive demand for Intel’s chips.

Intel says the cost of making the next-generation Classmate will be between $250 and $350 a pop. At this point it’s not clear how much they will retail for in the United States and Europe. But Intel says the price point will stay within the “netbooks” category — a growing segment of bare bones mini laptops that sell for under $500.

Intel (INTC) began selling its Classmate PC last year in Brazil, Mexico and other countries. The small rugged laptop has a waterproof keyboard, 7-inch screen and just 2GB of flash storage. But an Intel spokesperson said the model that will go on sale in the United States later this year will be a second-generation version that caters to the needs of students in more mature PC markets.

“It’s an initiative in the PC market that is in tune with the challenged economic climate,” says Matthew Wilkins, an analyst with research firm iSuppli. “Disposable income is being pushed, and a platform that is more affordable for the consumer is a good thing right now.”

Wilkins says it’s likely big manufacturers like Dell (DELL) and Hewlett-Packard (HPQ) will launch low-cost laptop models later this year.

By Michael V. Copeland

LAS VEGAS — The quiet here in a booth sponsored by Dell is at odds with the pandemonium all around at the Las Vegas Convention Center. Four plywood lounge chairs designed by Charles and Ray Eames sit on a dark floor made of some obviously recycled material. In one chair , a guy with headphones covering most of his head quietly taps on a laptop. Squares of drought-resistant grass act as a border around displays highlighting how to live and work with less impact on the environment. A Plexiglas wall invites people to use a grease pencil and answer the question, “What Does Green Mean to You?”

Although it is often wrapped up in a good deal of marketing hype, it’s a question that is beginning to be asked by the exhibitors here at the annual Consumer Electronics Show. Much of the “greening” of the technology world is by necessity. Stringent manufacturing standards and recycling goals must be met. But for their own success, gadget makers are developing new technologies that consume less energy so they can provide longer run times or cooler operating environments.

The goal is better functioning products that happen also to be greener than the power-sucking alternatives. Chip makers like Intel (INTC), Broadcom (BRCM) and Marvell (MRVL) have been beating that drum for several years and are getting amazing results. At this year’s CES, Broadcom is showing off powerful yet very efficient chips that enable things like the playback of high-definition  video on a cell phone. Other companies like Sony (SNE) and Samsung are using organic light emitting diodes to offer super-thin, bright and incredibly efficient screens. Are these kinds of technologies overtly green? No, but they are headed in the right direction.

A new cluster of companies at CES this year featuring “sustainable technologies” are overtly environmental. Some of the companies in this group include, Freeplay Energy which makes solar-powered radios and Meraki Networks, which sells solar-powered WiFi gear and aims to build a free WiFi network in San Francisco. This CES green group is a start, but it is a ridiculously small bunch of fewer than 10 companies.

Still other companies outside of this group have come to CES with a green agenda. One that is making a splash at CES is a company called Green Plug. The Silicon Valley startup previewed its technology Monday — an electronics component chip that provides a layer of intelligence so that gadgets can talk to their power source and make more efficient use of energy, whether it’s from a battery or a wall plug. Applications range from consumer electronics to cars, aircraft and power tools. And GM (GM) on Tuesday will unveil its Cadillac Provoq concept car, which it says will be “free from petroleum fuel and emissions.” That can only mean all-electric or maybe a hydrogen fuel cell-powered vehicle.

Back at Dell’s little green oasis, which must be noted is separate from the massive main Dell (DELL) booth and is tucked into the “sustainable technologies” area, spokesman Adam Schaeffer looks around at the mostly empty booth and stresses, “This is all about promoting the start of a conversation.” Nigel Williams, one of the 140,000 CES warriors here in attendance, walks up to the Plexiglas wall and ponders the question, “What Does Green Mean to You?” Next to replies already written in green, yellow and pink grease pencil that say things like “Hope” and “Breathing clean air,” Williams writes a simple statement, “There needs to be more green products.”

He’s right.